前言在田野考古工作中,遗址的发掘是一个十分重要的环节,发掘工作是不是做得好并不单纯是一个技术问题,而首先是一个方法论的问题,这个方法论的核心,就是对于地层学的研究。考古工作者不但要熟知地层学的基本原理,还要根据遗址的具体情况来灵活运用,同时要在广泛实践的基础上不断总结经验,不断地改进发掘方法,使我们的考古工作水平逐步地得到提高。要发掘遗址,首先就要了解遗址,而古代人们留下的遗址是各种各样的。在旧石器时代,人 Preface In the field of archeological work, the excavation of the site is a very important part of the work to explore is not done well is not simply a technical problem, but first of all is a methodological problem, the core of this methodology is that the stratigraphic the study. Archeologists should not only be familiar with the basic principles of stratigraphy, but also flexibly apply them according to the specific conditions of the site. At the same time, they should constantly sum up their experiences based on extensive practice and continuously improve the methods of excavation so as to gradually obtain the level of archeology work improve. To excavate the site, we must first understand the site, and the ancient people left a variety of sites. In the Paleolithic, people