上颌骨是面中份外形和功能最重要的骨骼结构 ,它参与组成眼眶、颧上颌复合体、鼻腔、口腔等各种面中份重要结构。由于肿瘤切除、外伤、炎症及先天畸形所致的上颌骨及面中份缺损不仅严重影响外形 ,而且直接影响语言、咀嚼、吞咽、呼吸等多项生理功能。由于上颌骨及面中份解剖结 The maxilla is the most important bone structure in the middle part of the shape and function, it is involved in the formation of the orbital, zygomatic and maxillary complexes, nasal, oral and other surface area of ​​important structure. As a result of tumor resection, trauma, inflammation and congenital malformation caused by maxillary and facial middling defects not only seriously affect the appearance, but also directly affect the language, chewing, swallowing, breathing and many other physiological functions. As the maxillary and facial anatomy