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在重新发现马克思的伦理基础的过程中,当代学者试图建立马克思主义的自然法理论。自然法作为一种历史悠久的法学流派,以二元论的观点区分了应然意义上的法律和实然意义上的法律,并建立了评价法律的价值尺度。在经典马克思主义理论中,通过唯物主义和理性主义两种视角,可以发现马克思主义法学与自然法的类似之处。然而,马克思主义法学与自然法在法的本质、法律的流变和个人权利等方面存在诸多差异,而且马克思主义法学理论还包含着法律实证主义的一面。这种双重面相表明,马克思主义法学与自然法理论并不契合。
In the process of rediscovering the ethical basis of Marx, contemporary scholars try to establish Marxist theory of natural law. Natural law as a long history of jurisprudence school, with dualism point of view to distinguish between the legal sense of the law and the sense of the law, and established a measure of value of the law. In the classical Marxist theory, we can find similarities between Marxist jurisprudence and natural law through the two perspectives of materialism and rationalism. However, there are many differences between Marxist jurisprudence and natural law in the nature of law, the evolution of law and individual rights, etc. Moreover, the Marxist jurisprudence theory also contains the legal positivist side. This duality shows that Marxist jurisprudence does not fit the theory of natural law.