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新中国成立初期,中国共产党采取如下措施处理民族地区矛盾:界定民族地区人民内部矛盾的范畴,坚持民族认同与国家认同的统一,以“慎重稳进”方针开展民族地区的改革、改造工作,大力发展民族地区经济和社会事业,处理叛乱事件坚持政治争取为主、军事进剿为辅。1957年毛泽东《关于正确处理人民内部矛盾的问题》讲话是对新中国成立后头七年民族工作的理论升华。新时期的民族工作,必须继承和发扬《正处》讲话精神,避免“左”的和右的思想对民族工作形成干扰,千方百计发展民族地区经济和社会事业,不断完善民族政策执行情况检查机制,培养、选拔、使用优秀的民族地区干部。
In the early days of the People’s Republic of China, the Chinese Communist Party took the following measures to deal with the contradictions in the ethnic areas: to define the category of contradictions among the people in the ethnic areas, to insist on the unification of national identity and national identity, and to carry out the reform and transformation work in the ethnic areas with the principle of “prudence and steady progress” We should vigorously develop the economic and social undertakings in ethnic areas, handle the insurgencies and uphold the principle of political struggle and supplemented by the military suppression. In 1957 Mao Zedong’s “Speech on the Correct Handling of Contradictions among the People” was a theoretical distillation of the nationality work during the first seven years after the founding of new China. The national work in the new period must inherit and carry forward the spirit of being “correct” and avoid interfering with ethnic work in the “Leftist” and Rightist thinking. We will do everything possible to develop the economic and social undertakings in ethnic minority areas and constantly improve the implementation of ethnic policies. Mechanism, training, selection, use of outstanding cadres in ethnic areas.