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目的:探讨不同低氧训练模式对运动员血清CK和BUN的影响。方法:24名优秀女子赛艇运动员被随机分为4组,即低住低练(LoLo)组(对照组)、高住低练(HiLo)组、低住高练(LoHi)组和高住高练低练(HiHiLo)组,每组6人。对照组按正常计划训练;HiLo和HiHiLo组每周进行6天低氧睡眠,每次10~12h,同时HiHiLo组每周再进行3次低氧训练,每次1·5~2h;LoHi组除正常训练外每周进行3次低氧训练,每次1·5~2h。各组进行低氧训练和睡眠时氧分压为15·4%(模拟海拔2500m),大气压为常压。各组运动员常氧训练计划完全相同。分别于训练前3天,低氧训练第1、2、3、4周末以及低氧训练结束后第1、2周末进行血清CK和BUN的测试。结果显示:(1)4组运动员血清CK在低氧训练过程中的总体变化趋势表现为:先迅速上升,而后逐渐下降,低氧训练结束后第2周又迅速上升;各组间变化趋势有所不同,且训练第2周末,HiLo组与LoLo组、LoHi组与Hi-Lo组、HiHiLo组与LoHi组相比较均有显著性差异(均P<0·05);(2)4组运动员BUN在低氧训练开始后均呈逐渐上升趋势,达到峰值后逐渐下降,低氧训练结束后第2周基本恢复至训练前水平,整个训练过程中各组BUN无显著差异(P>0·05)。上述结果表明不同模式低氧训练对机体造成的刺激程度虽有差异,但并不明显。
Objective: To investigate the effects of different hypoxic training modes on serum CK and BUN in athletes. Methods: Twenty-four elite female rowers were randomly divided into 4 groups: LoLo group, HiLo group, LoHi group, HiHiLo group, 6 in each group. The control group was trained on a regular basis. HiLo and HiHiLo groups were given hypoxic sleep for 6 days a week for 10-12 hours, while HiHiLo group received 3 times of hypoxia training once a week for 1.5-2 hours. LoHi group Hypoxic training is performed 3 times a week outside normal training, 1.5 ~ 2 hours each time. In each group, the oxygen partial pressure during hypoxic training and sleep was 15.4% (simulated altitude 2500m) and the atmospheric pressure was atmospheric pressure. Each group of athletes normobaric training program exactly the same. Serum CK and BUN were tested at the first 3 days, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after hypoxia training and at the end of 1st and 2nd week after hypoxia training respectively. The results showed that: (1) The overall trend of serum CK in the four groups of athletes during hypoxia training showed as follows: firstly, it increased rapidly and then decreased gradually, and then rapidly increased in the second week after hypoxia training; (P <0.05); (2) Four athletes in the HiLo group and the LoLo group, the LoHi group and the Hi-Lo group, the HiHiLo group and the LoHi group were significantly different BUN gradually increased after hypoxia training began, and then gradually decreased after reaching the peak. After the end of hypoxia training, the level of BUN returned to the pre-training level at the end of the second week, and there was no significant difference in BUN during the whole training (P> 0.05) ). The above results show that different modes of hypoxic training on the body despite the differences in the degree of stimulation, but not obvious.