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微小核糖核酸(miRNA)广泛存在于各种动植物及微生物中,参与生物发生、细胞分化和程序性细胞死亡等多种生命进程,是基因表达关键的转录后调控因子。骨组织的发生、分化、增殖和重建与miRNA有着密切的联系。本文就miRNA的发现、生成机制、作用机制、生物学特性以及miRNA与成骨细胞、破骨细胞之间的关系等研究进展作一综述,以利于开发新的针对治疗骨丧失和促进骨愈合的治疗方法,同时为促进口腔种植治疗中的骨整合进而促进种植体的成功开拓新的视野。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are found in a wide range of animals, plants and microorganisms and are involved in various life processes such as biogenesis, cell differentiation and programmed cell death. They are key post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Bone tissue occurrence, differentiation, proliferation and reconstruction are closely related to miRNA. This review summarizes the advances in miRNA discovery, genesis, mechanism of action, biological properties and the relationship between miRNA and osteoblasts and osteoclasts in order to facilitate the development of new therapeutics to treat bone loss and promote bone healing Treatment, and at the same time to promote the success of implants to open up new horizons for the promotion of osseointegration in oral implant therapy.