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研究了中棉(Gossypium arboreum race sinense)×长须棉(G.barbosanum Phillips ＆ Clement)、草棉(G.herbaceum race kuljianum)×长须棉、草棉×异常棉(G·anomalum Wawra ＆ Peyr)、草棉×司笃克氏棉(G.stocksii Master in Hooker)四个种间杂种F_1的一些形态性状的遗传变异及花粉母细胞减数分裂的染色体行为.四个种间杂种一代,有的性状表现双亲类型,有的则表现超亲.减数分裂中期Ⅰ的染色体构型各不相同,依次分别为:2.18 Ⅰ+11.06 Ⅱ+0.032 Ⅲ +0.37 Ⅳ+0.008 Ⅵ+0.008 Ⅶ;3.63Ⅰ+11.17 Ⅱ+0.01 Ⅳ;3.07+11.42 Ⅱ+0.027 Ⅲ和15.56Ⅰ+5.21Ⅱ+ 0.01 Ⅲ.这一结果表明,草棉与长须棉、异常棉的亲缘关系比较近,与司笃克氏棉的亲缘关系较远;而中棉与长须棉之间存在染色体易位等结构变异.由此推断,草棉比中棉更接近B染色体组棉种,可能草棉由B组棉种进化而来,然后由草棉经过染色体结构变异,进化产生了中棉.试验中还发现在减数分裂四分体形成时期存在多分孢子等现象.
The effects of Gossypium arboreum race sinense × G. barbosanum Phillips & Clement, G. herbaceum race kuljianum × G. longum, G. maomaw Wawra & Peyr, , G.stocksii Master in Hooker (G.stocksii Master in Hooker), and genetic behavior of some morphological traits of meiosis of pollen mother cells (F_1) in four interspecies hybrids The phenotypes of the parents showed that there were two types of parents, the others were super-parents.The chromosome configuration of metaphase Ⅰ in meiosis varied from 2.18 Ⅰ + 11.06 Ⅱ + 0.032 Ⅲ +0.37 Ⅳ + 0.008 Ⅵ + 0.008 Ⅶ, 3.63 Ⅰ + 11.17 Ⅱ + 0.01 Ⅳ, 3.07 + 11.42 Ⅱ + 0.027 Ⅲ and 15.56 Ⅰ + 5.21 Ⅱ + 0.01 Ⅲ. The results showed that the genetic relationship between cotton and long cotton and abnormal cotton is relatively close, Genetic relationship is far away, while there is chromosomal translocation between Chinese cotton and long asparagus and other structural variations.It can be inferred that the cotton is closer to the B genome cotton than cotton, cotton grass may be B group evolution from , And then by cotton grass chromosome structure variation, evolved in the cotton .Test also found in the reduction Split tetrad form parasporal and so there is time.