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燃煤锅炉一般都会遇到灰沉积的问题。随烟气带走的飞灰通过各部分受热面时,会在受热面上形成灰沉积。灰沉积的程度和性质主要取决于煤灰的沾污特性(随煤灰成分而变),同时亦与煤灰含量、燃烧方式、炉子结构和运行工况等因素有关。受热面积灰后,吸热量减少,破坏了整个炉内热平衡,导致过热汽温改变,排烟温度升高,锅炉效率降低。灰沉积较严重时还会增加引风损失。据资料综述,由于受热面沾污,积灰等可影响锅炉效率1～2.5%左右灰沉积严重
Coal-fired boilers generally encounter ash deposition problems. Fly ash with the flue gas through the various parts of the heating surface, the heating surface will form ash deposition. The extent and nature of ash deposition depend mainly on the contamination characteristics of the coal ash (which varies with ash composition), but also on the ash content, combustion pattern, furnace structure and operating conditions. After the heating area is gray, the amount of heat absorbed decreases, destroying the heat balance in the whole furnace, resulting in overheated steam temperature changing, exhaust gas temperature rising and boiler efficiency decreasing. Ash deposition is more serious will increase the induced draft loss. According to the information, due to the heating surface contamination, fouling can affect the boiler efficiency of about 1 ~ 2.5% serious ash deposition