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“十二五”期间,为提高全市林木覆盖率,改善市民工作生活环境,2012年春天市委市政府启动了为期五年的百万亩平原造林工程。平原造林工程是北京市发展世界城市的重要步骤,是治理PM2.5的八项举措之一。作为平原造林工程的重点区县,大兴区春季完成平原造林工程2.9万亩。该工程栽植面积之宽大,树种之丰富,立地条件之复杂,在我区是空前。其中涉及乔木种类达20余种,灌木30多种;涉及11个镇,苗木总量达150多万,近三分之一为永定河堤内外的沙地造林。如何使大量外埠苗木生长良好,确保造林成果不付诸东流;如何养护管理才能保证长久稳定的森林景观效果,尽快发挥其生态效益,成了大家十分关注的课题。本文就工程养护管理中出现的问题进行了较为详尽的分析,并对这些问题产生的原因以及解决途径进行了初步的探讨。通过采取喷施抗蒸腾剂、输营养液等科技措施合理应用于各树种;通过成立专业管护队进行管理加强养护,委派3至5名有管理经验的技术人员统一管理全区平原造林管护工作,笔者认为可以取得良好的管护效果。希望对各区县造林工程的养护与管理起到抛砖引玉的作用。
During the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, in order to improve the forest coverage of the whole city and improve the working and living environment of the citizens, the Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government launched a five-year plan to rebuild one million mu of plain afforestation in the spring of 2012. Plain afforestation project is an important step in Beijing’s development of a world city and one of the eight measures to govern PM2.5. As a key area of the plain afforestation project, Daxing District completed 29,000 mu of plain afforestation in spring. The project planted a generous area, rich species, site conditions of the complex, in our region is unprecedented. Involving more than 20 kinds of arbor species, shrubs more than 30 kinds; involving 11 towns, the total amount of seedlings amounted to more than 150 million, nearly a third of the Yongding embankment sandy land afforestation. How to make a large number of foreign seedlings grow well to ensure that the afforestation results are not lost; how to conservation and management in order to ensure long-term stability of the forest landscape, as soon as possible to play its ecological benefits has become a topic of great concern. This article has carried on the more detailed analysis to the problems in the engineering conservation management, and has carried on the preliminary discussion to the reason and the solution of these problems. Through the adoption of spraying antitranspirant, nutrient solution and other scientific and technological measures should be rationally applied to all tree species; through the establishment of a professional management team to strengthen management and conservation, the appointment of 3 to 5 managerial technicians to manage the entire area plain management Work, I believe that you can achieve good management and protection effect. It is hoped that the conservation and management of afforestation projects in all districts and counties will serve as a valuable guide.