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为了揭示坡面水力侵蚀过程中水流能量变化规律,进而为水土保持研究提供理论依据,利用变坡水槽在变化水深条件下的坡面流模拟试验,分析了5种坡比及3种植被分布(植被走向与水流夹角15°、30°、45°)下坡面水流能量损失特征。结果表明,在相同植被分布条件下,沿程能量损失随坡比增大而增大,随水深增大而减小后趋于稳定;相同坡比时,植被走向与水流夹角30°时沿程能量损失大于夹角45°的值,坡比0%、0.5%、1.0%时植被走向与水流夹角15°的沿程能量损失介于30°、45°之间,坡比1.5%、2.0%时其沿程能量损失最大;不同植被走向角的沿程能量损失随水深增大变化趋势相同。
In order to reveal the variation law of water flow energy during the process of water erosion on slope surface and to provide a theoretical basis for soil and water conservation research, five slope types and three vegetation distributions were analyzed using slope flow simulation under varying water depth The characteristics of water energy loss on the downslope at the angle of 15 °, 30 ° and 45 ° to the water flow. The results show that under the same vegetation distribution, the energy loss along the course increases with the increase of slope ratio and decreases with the increase of water depth and then tends to be stable. When the slope ratio is the same, The energy loss is larger than the included angle of 45 °. The energy loss along the slope of 0 °, 0.5% and 1.0% is between 30 ° and 45 ° and the slope ratio is 1.5% 2.0%, the energy loss along the way was the largest. The energy loss along the strike of different vegetation directions was the same with the increase of water depth.