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经验和专家的分析告诉人们:即使在大地震前20秒钟发出警报,也可以大大减少人口伤亡。 本文讨论的地震警报系统,充分利用了电信号的传播速度比破坏性地震波(主要是横波和面波)快得多的特点,当90公里以外发生大地震时,可以在20秒前发出紧急警报。在1976年唐山地震时,假如天津市已建立了这种系统,可在大震前24秒发出警报;而北京市,则可在大震前28秒发出警报。
Experience and expert analysis tell people that even a 20-second warning before a major earthquake can dramatically reduce the number of people killed or injured. The earthquake alert system discussed in this paper takes full advantage of the much faster propagation of electrical signals than destructive seismic waves (mainly S-waves and surface waves) that can send an emergency warning 20 seconds before a major earthquake more than 90 km away . In the 1976 Tangshan earthquake, if Tianjin had established such a system, an alarm could be issued 24 seconds before the earthquake and an alarm could be issued 28 seconds before the earthquake in Beijing.