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我国是一个林业灾害多发、频发的国家,森林火灾、有害植物入侵、病虫鼠害、雨雪冰冻、洪水、滑坡、泥石流等各种灾害时有发生,给森林资源和林业产业造成巨大威胁。日本灾害预防和救治管理体系完善,经验值得借鉴。文中概述了日本防灾管理的法律体系和预算体系,重点阐述了日本林业防灾预算体系、重大灾害防治制度和重大灾害追加预算制度,针对我国林业防灾体系建设提出应完善法律体系和政策支持体系、建立林业灾害管理等级制度等建议。
China is a country with frequent and frequent forestry disasters. Forest fires, harmful plant invasions, pests, rodents, snow and ice, floods, landslides and mudslides all happen from time to time, posing a great threat to forest resources and forestry industries. . Japan disaster prevention and treatment management system is perfect, experience is worth learning. This paper gives an overview of the legal system and budget system of disaster prevention in Japan. It focuses on Japan’s forestry disaster prevention budget system, major disaster prevention and control system and major disaster additional budget system. According to the construction of China’s forestry disaster prevention system, we should improve the legal system and policy support System, the establishment of forestry disaster management hierarchy and other recommendations.