一引言20世纪70年代初,石油危机爆发,这几乎宣告了战后所谓福特主义式的繁荣的终结。彼时占据主流的凯恩斯主义经济学似乎无力对眼前的危机提供令人满意的解释及对策,正如琼·罗宾逊夫人所言,现代西方经济理论陷入了30年代以来的“第二次危机”之中。在这样的背景之下,一批法国经济学家开始回到马克思的观点,在马克思主义政 I. INTRODUCTION The oil crisis broke out in the early 1970s, almost proclaiming the end of post-war so-called Fordist prosperity. At that time, the mainstream Keynesian economics seemed unable to offer satisfactory explanations and solutions to the immediate crisis. As Mrs. Robinson said, the modern Western economic theory has plunged into the “second crisis” since the 1930s. Among them. In this context, a group of French economists began to return to Marx’s point of view, under the guidance of Marxism