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文章以在建的兰州地铁1号线穿黄工程段为基础，对兰州地铁1号线世纪大道站—马滩站区间穿黄工程的特点进行了深入研究，重点分析了泥水盾构机的主要系统设计、盾构机掘进功效以及盾构机设计优化等，阐述了在富含水、砂卵石及漂石地层中盾构机设计应注意的事项和施工应对措施。“,”The paper takes the Lanzhou Metro Line 1 under-passing the Yellow River under construction project as an example, makes further studies on the characteristics of Lanzhou Metro Line 1 while the Century Avenue Station - Matan Station under passing Yellow River project are studied, mainly focusing on analysis of the main system of slurry shield machine design, effect of shield tunnel boring machine and shield machine design optimization etc., elaborates the counter measures for the shield machine design in the water rich, sandy cobble and boulder strata as well as the attentions should be paid to the matters in the construction.