教科书是依据教学大纲系统地阐述教材内容的教学用书,是教与学双边活动的依据。现就如何指导初中学生阅读化学课本谈些看法。一、阅读内容化学课本的基本内容大致可概括为“标题、概念、定律、例题、实验、插图、习题”等七部分,教师应根据不同的教学目的指导学生有针对性的阅 (一)读标题标题是章节的概括,教师可由此入手指导学生阅读。如第三章第二节“溶解过程”,“溶解”现象是人所共知的,而“过程”则是强调从微观上分析溶解的机理和伴有什么现象发生,为什么,这就是本节的宗旨。使学生首先从每节标题中把握学习的目的。 (二)读概念、定律概念和定律的表述具有文字简洁明了、精炼准确的特点,阅读时要咬文嚼字,细心琢磨,并注意勾、划、圈、点,抓住重点,逐字逐句地理解。如“凡能跟碱起反应,生成盐和水的氧化物,就叫做酸性氧化物。”在这个定义中,只要抓住句中要 Textbooks are teaching books that systematically explain the contents of teaching materials based on the syllabus and are the basis for teaching and learning bilateral activities. Here are some views on how to guide junior high school students to read chemistry textbooks. First, reading content The basic content of chemistry textbooks can be broadly summarized as “titles, concepts, laws, examples, experiments, illustrations, exercises” and other seven parts, teachers should guide students according to different teaching purposes targeted reading (a) reading The title of the title is a summary of the chapters. Teachers can begin to guide students in reading. For example, in Chapter III, “The Dissolution Process”, the phenomenon of “dissolution” is known to everyone, and the “process” emphasizes the analysis of the dissolution mechanism and the accompanying phenomenon on the microscopic level. Why? This is the section The purpose. Students should first grasp the purpose of learning from each section heading. (B) The concept of reading, the concept of laws, and the expression of the law are characterized by concise, concise, and precise text. When reading, it is necessary to scribble on words, carefully study, and pay attention to ticks, strokes, circles, and points to grasp key points and understand them word by word. For example, “Where it reacts with alkali, it produces oxides of salt and water, and it is called acidic oxide.” In this definition, as long as you grasp the sentence