一、害虫抗药性的发展情况 在一个地域,连年多次使用某种杀虫剂,该地域的害虫对所用药剂常常会增加抗药力,这种现象称:害虫产生了抗药性。 远在1908年梅仑度(Melander)就发现梨园介壳虫对石灰硫黄液发生了抗药性,但当时没有引起重视。直到1946年在瑞士发现家蝇对DDT有严重的抗药性后,大家才注意这个问题。到目前为止,国际上已发现有157种昆虫有抗药性,其中主要的有家蝇、蚊类、跳蚤、德国蜚蠊、臭虫、红蜘蛛、菜青虫、小菜蛾、黄条跳(虫甲)、猿叶虫、二化螟、水稻负泥虫、28星瓢虫,麦蚜、棉蚜、菜蚜、棉铃虫、金钢钻、玉米螟、杂拟谷盗、谷象等。 以药剂杀虫时,害虫对药剂的不同反应,大致分四种情况:(1)自然抗性或耐性:各种害虫对药剂的抗药力各不相同,亦可认为是先天性的抗药能 First, the development of pest resistance in a region, year after year using some insecticide, the region’s pests on the use of drugs often increase the resistance, a phenomenon that: pests have resistance. As far back as 1905, Melander discovered that Pellian’s scale insects were resistant to lime-sulfur liquid but did not receive much attention at the time. It was not until 1946 that houseflies were found to have serious resistance to DDT in Switzerland. So far, 157 species of insects have been found in the world to be drug resistant. Among them, houseflies, mosquitoes, fleas, cockroaches, bugs, spider mites, cabbage bugs, diamondback moth, , Leafworm, Chilo suppressalis, rice negative mud, 28-star ladybug, wheat aphid, cotton aphid, aphid, cotton bollworm, diamond drill, corn borer, miscellaneous cereal, grain elephant and so on. Pesticides insecticides on the different responses to the agent, broadly divided into four situations: (1) natural resistance or tolerance: a variety of pest resistance to drugs vary, can also be considered congenital resistance to drug