论文部分内容阅读
为客观地评价在流动儿童中实施脊髓灰质炎（脊灰）疫苗强化免疫的效果，对昆明市１９９３ ～１９９８ 年进行的５ 次１０ 轮强化免疫的效果进行了评价。结果显示：在１９９７／１９９８ 年第５ 次第１ 、２ 轮强化免疫中，全市流动儿童的服苗人数分别占全市服苗儿童总数的１５－９５ ％ 和１６－４０％ 。其中两个郊区和两个城区的流动儿童服苗人数，分别占全市流动儿童服苗人数的８１－４１％ 和８１－０９％ 。由此可见，在昆明市流动儿童数量庞大，主要分布在两个郊区和两个城区，尤其是城乡结合部。流动儿童主要来自外省，居首位的是四川省。对１９９３～１９９８ 年历次强化免疫流动儿童服苗人数的分析表明：１９９３～１９９８ 年５ 次１０ 轮强化免疫，流动儿童服苗人数为２３６ ８２９ 人。其中１９９３ 年首次第１ 轮强化免疫服苗人数最多，此后连续６ 轮处于下降状态，至１９９７ 年第４ 次第２轮，由于卫生部和国际组织加强督导，使服苗人数比上一轮上升了３６－３０％ ；１９９８ 年启用志愿者，也使服苗人数增加。随着强化免疫的开展，流动儿童中零剂次免疫儿童持续下降；１９９４ 年后流动儿童中未发现脊灰野病毒病例。
In order to objectively evaluate the effect of enhancing poliomyelitis (PVI) vaccine in migrant children, the effect of five rounds of 10-round immunization conducted in Kunming from 1993 to 1998 was evaluated. The results showed that in the first and second round of intensified immunization in 1997/1998, the number of floating children in the city accounted for 15-95% and 16-40% of the total number of children served the city. Among them, the number of migrant children and children in two suburbs and two urban areas accounted for 81-41% and 81-09% of the total number of migrant children and children in the city respectively. It can be seen from this that there are a large number of floating children in Kunming, mainly in two suburbs and two urban areas, especially the urban-rural junction. The majority of migrant children came from other provinces, ranking the top in Sichuan Province. The analysis of the number of children taking vaccine in the past few years between 1993 and 1998 showed that there were 236,829 children who were treated with 10 rounds of booster immunization from 1993 to 1998. Among them, the first round of intensive immunization was the largest number of immunized vaccine in 1993, and then dropped for six consecutive rounds in 1993. By the second round of the fourth round of 1997, due to the intensification of supervision by the Ministry of Health and international organizations, the number of service-taking vaccines increased from the previous round 36-30%; enabling volunteers in 1998, but also to increase the number of vaccine. With the intensified immunization, zero-dose children in floating children continued to decline; no cases of poliovirus were found in migrant children after 1994.