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本文讨论了西南某氟碳铈矿黑色风化物的组成及稀土赋存状态。稀土以胶体态沉积在Ｆｅ－Ｍｎ氧化物非晶质矿物上，是一种具有工业利用价值的新型赋存形式的稀土资源。研究了用热盐酸浸出，氨水调ｐＨ值除杂，并分别利用溶剂萃取，草酸沉淀及硫酸钠复盐沉淀等三种方法回收稀土，副产氯化铅和铁锰渣。其中稀土回收率在７０％，铅回收率５３％。还制定了从黑色风化物中回收胶态相稀土的原则工艺流程。
This article discusses the composition of a bastnaesite black weathering compound in Southwest China and the occurrence of rare earths. Rare earths are colloidal deposited on Fe-Mn oxide amorphous minerals, which is a rare earth resource with a new type of industrial utilization. The extraction of rare earth, byproduct lead chloride and ferromanganese slag by three methods of solvent extraction, oxalic acid precipitation and double salt precipitation of sodium sulfate were studied respectively. Among them, rare earth recovery rate is 70% and lead recovery rate is 53%. Also developed a principle from the black weathering colloidal rare earth recovery process.