一、前言在金属的各种形式的机械-化学破坏中,腐蚀开裂、腐蚀疲劳和氢脆尤为重要。本文只研究腐蚀开裂——在拉应力的作用下由于金属的局部腐蚀而产生裂纹的过程。关于这个问题的实际意义已被技术设备中发现腐蚀开裂次数的不断增长所证明。这种情况是由于材料日益广泛地用于高侵蚀性的介质、高工艺参数的工艺过程或者新的使用条件所致。金属制品由于特殊的工艺处理而具有较高的内应力,以及在较高的工作应力下使用;在所有这些情况下多 I. INTRODUCTION Corrosion cracking, corrosion fatigue and hydrogen embrittlement are particularly important in various forms of mechanical-chemical damage of metals. This paper only studies corrosion cracking - the process of tensile cracking due to localized corrosion of metals under tensile stress. The practical significance of this issue has been demonstrated by the ever-increasing number of corrosion cracks found in technical equipment. This situation is due to the increasingly widespread use of materials for highly aggressive media, high process parameters or new operating conditions. Metal products have higher internal stresses due to special processing and are used under higher operating stresses; in all these cases