《文化类同与文化利用》较清晰、较系统地阐述了近代西方认识《文化类同与文化利用》较清晰,较系统地阐述了近代西方认识几司、J刁︸和利用中国文化的过程。作者指出,决定西方人对中国产生兴趣的原因最终来自西方社会本身。因为在十八、十九和二十世纪,“尽管西方社会非常紧荣,但人们仍旧有不安全感,其中包括对社会地位的不平等以及日益加剧的海外扩张的担心。”因此,“对于那些深怀不安全感和焦虑感的西方人来说,中国在某种程度上成了他们的一条出路或退路。”(第145页)而这时候的中国封建杜会已经出现了资本主义萌芽和新的经济势力,因而“明代的中国社会与伊丽莎白时期的英国社会都处在走向一种新型的、城市的、或许是原始的资本主义社会的过程中”。直到十五世纪末叶,中西文化仍然处于“类同”时期,亦即“处于平行的轨道之上”。本书作为一本比较文学专著不可能从经济史或社会史的角度来“定义”类同,但他从比较文学角度作出的阐述倒是很有说服力的。他说: 考察一下这个时期分别在欧洲和中国,(万历二十年前后)产生的著作,你们就会发现这些非同凡响的杰作:“莎士比亚的《罗密欧与朱丽叶》与汤显祖的《牡丹亭》,艾德蒙·斯宾塞的《仙后》和吴承恩的《西游记》是怎样描述善与恶的冲突的。看一下他们的叙事方式,我们就可以发现它们之间存在着类同。 “Cultural Similarities and Cultural Utilization” clearer and more systematically elaborated in the modern Western understanding of “cultural similarities and cultural utilization” more clearly and systematically elaborated in the modern Western understanding of several companies, J Diao} and the use of Chinese culture . The author points out that the reason for deciding that westerners are interested in China ultimately comes from Western society itself. Because in the eighteenth, nineteenth, and twentieth centuries, “although Western societies are very glorified, people are still insecure, including fears of inequalities in their social status and growing overseas expansion.” Therefore, “ For those Westerners with a deep sense of insecurity and anxiety, China has become, to some extent, an outlet or a retreat for them. ”(P.145) At this time, the feudal society of China had already witnessed the seeds of capitalism And the new economic forces, “both the Chinese society in the Ming Dynasty and the British society in the Elizabethan period were in the process of moving toward a new, urban and perhaps primitive capitalist society.” Until the end of the fifteenth century, Chinese and Western cultures were still in the “similar” period, that is, “on a parallel orbit.” This book, as a comparative literary monograph, can not “define” the similarities from the perspective of economic history or social history, but it is very convincing from the angle of comparative literature. He said: After examining the works of this period in Europe and China, respectively (about 20 years after Wanli), you will find these extraordinary masterpieces: “Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet” and Tang Xianzu’s “Peony Pavilion” Edmund Spencer’s The Fairy Tales and Wu Cheng’en’s Journey to the West describe the conflict between good and evil.When we look at the way they narrate, we can see that there are similarities between them.