覆盖了地球表面百分之七十一的海洋蕴藏着极其丰富的资源。随着世界人口膨胀、资源匮乏、环境污染问题的日益严重,人们已经把经济的发展,人类未来的希望转向海洋。由于海洋的特殊自然环境条件,如水深、浪大、缺氧、黑暗、低温,以及海潮风暴等严酷条件,给海洋研究和开发带来很大困难。因此,发展海洋产业首先要发展海洋科学技术。海洋技术是一项综合性、多学科技术,几乎涉及当代全部科学技术领域,包括电子计算机技术、激光技术、水声技术、遥感技术、深潜技术、空间技术和生物工程等等。几年来,我国沿海海洋 Seventy-one percent of the Earth’s surface, the ocean, contains extremely rich resources. As the world’s population expands, its resources are scarce and the problem of environmental pollution worsens, people have turned the hope of economic development and the future of mankind to the sea. Due to the special natural environmental conditions of the oceans, such as water depth, large waves, anoxia, darkness, low temperatures, and tidal conditions such as storm surges, it has brought great difficulties to marine research and development. Therefore, the development of marine industry must first develop marine science and technology. Marine technology is a comprehensive and multidisciplinary technology covering almost all contemporary science and technology fields including computer science, laser technology, underwater acoustics, remote sensing, deep diving, space technology and bioengineering. In recent years, China’s coastal ocean