当代的“海洋宪章”——《联合国海洋法公约》,经过国际社会成员持久不懈的共同努力,终于在1994年11月16日生效了。这是国际法发展史上最重大的事件之一。面对这一举世瞩目的新态势,我国是否应该批准海洋法公约,以及我国在什么时候、采用何种方式批准海洋法公约等问题均已正式提上了日程。一、背景:海洋法公约通过和生效的漫长里程 本世纪60、70年代,少数国家单方面试开发国际海底资源,引起各国强烈关注。在发展中国家倡议下, The contemporary “Ocean Charter” - the “UN Convention on the Law of the Sea”, finally came into force on November 16, 1994, through the sustained and joint efforts of the members of the international community. This is one of the most significant events in the history of the development of international law. Faced with this new trend that has attracted worldwide attention, whether our country should ratify the convention on the law of the sea or not, as well as when and how China will ratify the convention on the law of the sea, have all been formally put on the agenda. I. Background: Long-Range Mileages Adopted and Effectively Adopted by the UNCLOS In the 1960s and 1970s, a small number of countries unilaterally tried to develop the international seabed resources and aroused strong concern from all countries. Under the initiative of developing countries,