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目的研究贵州省2004年分离到的脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)病毒分子生物学特征。方法对贵州省2004年分离到的所有脊灰病毒,用聚合酶链反应-限制性酶切片段长度多态性分析(PCR-RFLP)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)法进行了型内鉴定,并对型内鉴定异常株进行了VP1区的序列测定。结果贵州省在2004年急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)病例及接触者、流动人口和健康儿童的粪便标本中,共有95例分离到脊灰病毒。其中Ⅰ型22例,Ⅱ型26例,Ⅲ型21例,混合型19例,脊灰病毒混合非脊灰肠道病毒7例。经用PCR-RFLP和ELISA方法进行型内鉴定,共有16株病毒与疫苗株病毒存在差异,其中3株脊灰病毒与疫苗株病毒在PCR-RFLP图谱上有差异[其中1株同时为双反应(DRV)],3株ELISA结果为DRV,11株ELISA结果为非疫苗类似株(NSL)。在这些型内鉴定异常株病毒中,Ⅰ型13株,Ⅱ型3株。对这16株脊灰病毒进行VP1区序列测定,发现9株Ⅰ型疫苗衍生脊灰病毒(VDPV)和1株Ⅱ型VDPV。结论根据对贵州省2004年从95例AFP病例及接触者、流动人口、健康儿童分离的脊灰病毒的血清定型结果和型内鉴定结果及对13株Ⅰ型和8株Ⅱ型脊灰病毒VP1区核苷酸序列测定证实,脊灰减毒活疫苗病毒在人群的循环导致疫苗病毒神经毒力恢复突变。通过AFP病例监测系统及时发现了Ⅰ型VDPV的循环和Ⅱ型VDPV。对2004年下半年脊灰病毒基因特点的分析,提示贵州省已经阻断了Ⅰ型VDPV的循环。
Objective To study the molecular biological characteristics of poliomyelitis (polio) isolated in Guizhou Province in 2004. Methods All the poliovirus isolated in Guizhou province in 2004 were identified by PCR-RFLP and ELISA , And sequenced the VP1 region of the abnormal strain in the type. Results A total of 95 cases of poliovirus isolated in the stool samples of AFP patients, contact persons, floating population and healthy children in Guizhou Province in 2004 were collected. There were 22 cases of type I, 26 cases of type II, 21 cases of type III, 19 cases of mixed type and 7 cases of mixed non-poliovirus of poliovirus. A total of 16 strains of viruses and vaccine strains were found to be differentially expressed by PCR-RFLP and ELISA. Among them, 3 strains of poliovirus and vaccine strain were different in their PCR-RFLP patterns [of which 1 was double-reaction (DRV)]. The three ELISA results were DRV, and the 11 ELISA results were non-vaccine-like strains (NSL). Of these strains, 13 strains were type I and 3 were type II. The VP1 region of 16 poliovirus strains were sequenced. Nine strains of type I vaccine-derived poliovirus (VDPV) and one type II VDPV were found. Conclusion According to the results of serotyping and in-cell identification of poliovirus isolated from 95 cases of AFP and contacts, floating population and healthy children in Guizhou Province in 2004, 13 strains of type Ⅰ and 8 strains of poliovirus type Ⅱ Ⅱ Nucleotide sequencing of the region confirmed that circulating poliovirus live attenuated virions in the human population resulted in the recovery of the virulence of the vaccine virus. Type A VDPV circulation and Type V VDPV were found in time through the AFP case monitoring system. Analysis of the characteristics of the poliovirus gene in the second half of 2004 indicates that Guizhou Province has blocked the circulation of type VDPV.