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铁路客车车厢薄侧板部件的焊条弧焊会引起其外表面变形。由于薄板对瞬态局部热膨胀和收缩的弹塑性反应 ,使焊接产生了残余应力和变形。本研究采用通用的ABAQUS有限元程序对焊接过程进行了数学模拟 ,用耦合热力学分析计算了瞬态温度场及相关的应力、应变和应变场。为了改善车厢壳体的外观 ,提出了一种称为磁性成形的技术。其目的在于恢复已变形的侧板的原始几何形状。本文对该技术的有效性作了详细的研究。根据计算 ,用于薄板矫平和矫直的模拟磁性成形技术产生了良好的效果。
The arc welding of the thin side plate components of the railway passenger car will cause the outer surface to deform. Due to the elastoplastic response of the sheet to the transient local thermal expansion and contraction, residual stresses and deformations occur in the weld. In this study, a general ABAQUS finite element program was used to simulate the welding process. The transient temperature field and the related stress, strain and strain fields were calculated by the coupled thermodynamic analysis. In order to improve the appearance of the car shell, a technique called magnetic forming is proposed. The purpose is to restore the original geometry of the deformed side panels. In this paper, the effectiveness of the technology has been studied in detail. According to calculations, simulated magnetic forming techniques for sheet leveling and straightening produced good results.