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髌骨脱位主要发生于儿童及青少年，可分为急性髌骨脱位、复发性髌骨脱位、习惯性髌骨脱位、先天性髌骨脱位。目前对各种髌骨脱位的治疗方法尚无统一标准，且手术方式较多，疗效不一。本综述中，我们对近年来髌骨脱位的危险因素、影像学诊断及治疗方法的进展进行总结，以期为临床儿童及青少年髌骨脱位的诊治及个体化治疗提供一定的思路。“,”Patella dislocation occurs predominantly in children and adolescents. It may be divided into acute, recurrent, habitual and congenital types. Currently no unified therapeutic standard is available for various types. Different surgical approaches yield varying efficacies. This review summarized its risk factors, imaging features and treatment option so as to provide some rationales for its clinical diagnosis and individualized treatments.