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在发动机的试验研究中,机油消耗量的测定已成为重要的试验项目。关于机油消耗量的测定,一般都是采用所谓的重量法。由于这种方法简单易行,所以一直采用至今。但在这种方法中,发动机要进行较长时间运转,要长时间地占用高价试验设备。因此设想用示踪速测法来取代它,即在机油中加入示踪物质,然后再测定排气中示踪物质的浓度。为此,已采用过放射性同位素、S和Na等金属示踪法。S示踪法的优点是测定时间短、精度高,但不适用于柴油机,因为它要求试验燃料中不能含有S,而从柴油中除掉S是相当困难的。放射性同位素示踪法虽然迅速,精度也高,但受测定环境和设备的限制。为了开发出既适用于柴油机,又速度快、精度高的测定方法,曾进行过多方面的研究。把氯化烷烃加入机油中,再根据取样定量分析随机油消耗而排出的氯,就可算出机油消耗量,这就是本文所要介绍的氯示踪法。
In the engine test study, the determination of oil consumption has become an important pilot project. About the determination of oil consumption, are generally used so-called gravimetric method. Since this method is simple and easy, it has been used so far. However, in this method, the engine needs to be operated for a long time and it takes a long time to occupy expensive test equipment. Therefore, it is envisaged to replace it with the tracer method, which is to add the tracer to the oil and then to measure the concentration of the tracer in the exhaust gas. For this reason, metal tracing methods such as radioactive isotopes, S and Na have been used. S tracer method has the advantage of short measuring time and high precision, but it is not suitable for diesel engines because it requires that the test fuel can not contain S, and it is quite difficult to remove S from the diesel fuel. Radioisotope tracing, though rapid and accurate, is limited by the environment and equipment being tested. In order to develop not only for diesel engines, but also fast, high precision determination methods, have conducted many aspects of research. The chlorinated alkanes added to the oil, then according to the sample quantitative analysis of random oil consumption of chlorine emissions, you can calculate the oil consumption, which is the chlorine tracer to be introduced in this article.