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跨国外包作为产品内专业化分工在国际市场的延伸,使参与其中的国家和行业生产都得到了专业化分工的好处。作为发展中国家,我国内资企业多利用劳动资源优势参与国际分工,即以外包的承接方身份参与跨国外包。本文首次从外包承接企业角度出发,利用我国制造业内资企业面板数据,实证分析了企业承接外包对其生产率的影响。结果表明,内资企业承接国内的外包业务并不会提高企业的生产率;但是企业承接国际外包会提高企业的生产率。这说明,内资企业在承接国际外包的情况下,能够从国外的外包商那里获得相应的生产技术、工艺或者经营管理知识,从而提高了企业的技术水平,促进了生产率的提高。
Cross-border outsourcing, as an extension of the specialized division of labor in products in the international market, has benefited the countries and industries involved in the production of specialized labor. As a developing country, the domestic-funded enterprises in our country make use of the advantages of labor resources to participate in the international division of labor, that is, take the outsourcing as the undertaking party to participate in the transnational outsourcing. This paper, for the first time, starts from the perspective of outsourcing undertaking enterprises and makes use of the panel data of domestic manufacturing enterprises in our country to empirically analyze the impact of undertaking outsourcing on its productivity. The results show that domestic-funded outsourcing business does not improve the productivity of enterprises; however, undertaking international outsourcing will increase the productivity of enterprises. This shows that in the case of domestic-funded enterprises undertaking international outsourcing, they can obtain corresponding knowledge of production technology, process or operation and management from foreign outsourcers so as to improve the technological level of enterprises and promote the improvement of productivity.