铬是工业中广泛应用的金属,工业废水(电镀、冶炼、制革、制药、纺织)含有可观量铬,高铬地区表径流水中也存在铬。长期利用废渣作肥料,或者利用这些废水灌溉农田,就会使土壤被铬污染。对于地球化学的观点来说,了解土壤中铬的分布是重要的。三价铬和六价铬对人体健康都是有害,因此,铬已成为环保监测和土壤普查的元素之一。 Chromium is a widely used metal in industry. Industrial wastewater (electroplating, smelting, tanning, pharmaceuticals, and textiles) contains considerable amounts of chromium, and chrome also exists in surface runoff in areas of high chromium. Long-term use of waste as fertilizer, or use of these wastewater irrigation farmland, will make the soil contaminated by chromium. It is important to understand the distribution of chromium in the soil from a geochemical point of view. Trivalent chromium and hexavalent chromium are all harmful to human health. Therefore, chromium has become one of the elements of environmental monitoring and soil census.