胸腺嘧啶（１）是一重要的有机化工和药物中间体［１，２］。文献报道的合成路线主要有４条：（１）以β－甲基苹果酸为原料，在发烟硫酸催化下制得，收率为５０％，该法原料不易得到，操作不便［３］；（２）以乙氧亚甲丙腈与尿素在浓盐酸催化下环合，收率仅２５％［４］；（ Thymine (1) is an important organic chemical and pharmaceutical intermediates [1,2]. There are four synthetic routes reported in the literature: (1) β-methyl malic acid is used as a raw material and catalyzed by fuming sulfuric acid to obtain a yield of 50%. The raw materials of the method are not easily obtained and are inconvenient to operate [3]; (2) ethoxymethylene propionitrile and urea in concentrated hydrochloric acid catalysis cyclization, the yield was only 25% [4]; (