一、《儿子与情人》与心理分析评论之开端根据伊格尔顿的《文学理论》,如果马克思是从社会关系,社会阶层和与之相关的政治形式来看待人类工作需要的后果的话,弗洛伊德看待的是人类的心理生活的内涵。①众所周知,弗洛伊德用性欲这种被视为人类最深层次的本能需要来解释一切。②他认为,口唇、肛门和生殖器期被认为是前俄狄浦斯期。在这些时期,男孩和女孩都是自发好色的,虐待狂的和无政府主义的。他们对雌性和雄性 I. The Beginning of Sons and Lovers and Psychoanalysis According to Eagleton’s Literary Theory, if Marx regarded the consequences of human work from the perspective of social relations, social class, and related political forms, Lloyd regards the connotation of human’s psychological life. It is well-known that Freud interprets everything as sexual instinct, which is viewed as the deepest level of humanity. ② In his opinion, lips, anus, and genitalia are considered pre-Oedipus periods. During these times boys and girls are spontaneous, sadistic and anarchist. They are for females and males