除水以外,生命第二个最丰富的成分是无机盐,包括:钠、钾、钙、镁、氯、磷、和硫,它们能维持机体的渗透平衡、神经和肌肉膜的生物兴奋性、骨骼和细胞结构的完整性。因此,排在元素周期表前面的30种元素中的11种,就占体内成分的99.9％。但是,仅有微量的铁、铜、锌、锰、钴、铬、硒、矽、镍、钼、铍、碘和氟等,对生命也是不可缺少的,其浓度测定以百万分之一克(ppm),甚至有时以亿分之一克(ppb)计算。这些微量元素是身体正常生长发育所必需,任何一种微量元素的缺乏,可以导致生理功能的严重损害,过量则 In addition to water, the second most abundant component of life is inorganic salts, including sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chlorine, phosphorus and sulfur, which maintain the osmotic balance of the body, the biological excitability of nerves and muscle membranes, Bone and cell structure integrity. As a result, 11 of the 30 elements in front of the periodic table constitute 99.9% of the body composition. However, trace amounts of iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt, chromium, selenium, silicon, nickel, molybdenum, beryllium, iodine and fluorine are also indispensable to life and their concentration is measured in parts per million (ppm), and sometimes even ppb. These trace elements are necessary for normal growth and development of the body, any lack of trace elements, can lead to serious damage to physiological functions, the excess