我们在第三讲里已简略地探讨了组成所谓科研方法的一套程序。科学家在按照这套程序进行科研时,还有可能在许多方面出错,现在我们来谈谈其中若干方面。例如,在提出一项假设时,常见的一种错误是,不加鉴别地采用未经科学验证的论点,尽管这种论点是 In our third lecture we have briefly discussed a set of procedures that make up the so-called scientific method. There are many ways in which scientists may make mistakes in conducting scientific research according to this procedure. Let us now talk about some of these aspects. For example, one of the common mistakes in making a hypothesis is the unscrupulous use of unscientific claims, although this argument is