教育社会学是介于教育学和社会学之间的一门年轻的边缘学科,它研究教育与社会之间的各种基本关系,探讨如何促进个人健全发展和社会迅速进步的规律。近二十年来,国外教育社会学主要流派可分为:文化人类学派,社会心理学派,历史制度学派。此外还有结构功能主义学派,解释学派。研究内容一般可分为:(一)教育与整个社会结构的关系;(二)教育与社会化过程的关系;(三)教育与社会变迁的关系;(四)学校、班级与社会结构的关系,学校与社会的关系。研究特点可归纳为:一是以广义的教育为研究对象;一是认为教育社会学的对象即是学校的社会结构 Educational sociology is a young fringe discipline between pedagogy and sociology. It studies various basic relations between education and society and discusses how to promote the sound development of individuals and the rapid progress of society. In the past two decades, the major genres of educational sociology in foreign countries can be divided into: cultural anthropology, social psychology and historical institutionalism. There are also structural-functionalist schools and interpretive schools. The content of the research can generally be divided into: (1) the relationship between education and the entire social structure; (2) the relationship between education and the socialization process; (3) the relationship between education and social changes; (4) the relationship between schools, classes and social structures , The relationship between school and society. Research characteristics can be summarized as follows: First, the generalized education as the research object; First, that the object of educational sociology is the school’s social structure