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在小批和成批生产时,机床和辅助装备是万能的,而仅需改变切削刀具。例如,为加工台阶孔,可采用装配式钻头。它由标准钻头和专用的切削套装件组成,后者用螺钉固紧在此钻头上。这种结构可调节少量长度,但是直径要作较大程度的改变时必须更换套装件,后者的定位不可靠,因工作过程中在较大切削力作用下它会绕钻头回转,并向钻柄移动。为防止此弊端产生,现介绍一种加工孔用的新型立式切削刀具,即图示装配式阶梯钻头。它由标准麻花钻1、两个半环8等组成。两个切削刀片9借助两个螺钉6和弹簧垫圈夹紧在两半环之间。刀片和半环是一个套装件。两个锁紧螺钉7可防止调好刀具不松动。支承环2则用两个锁紧螺钉3和弹簧垫圈固定在钻头上。套装件以自身端面支靠在螺纹套5的端面上,螺纹套5上又拧有螺纹套4,并以自身端面支靠在支承环2上。
In small batches and batch production, machine tools and auxiliary equipment are omnipotent, and only change the cutting tool. For example, fabricated drill bits may be used to machine stepped holes. It consists of a standard drill and a special cutting set, which is screwed to the bit. This configuration allows for a small amount of length adjustment but the kit must be replaced when the diameter is to be changed to a large extent. The latter is not as reliable in positioning as it will rotate around the bit under greater cutting forces during operation and move toward the drill Handle move. In order to prevent this drawback, a new type of vertical cutting tool for machining holes is introduced, namely, a step-shaped assembly drill bit. It consists of a standard twist drill 1, two half-rings 8 and other components. The two cutting inserts 9 are clamped between the two halves by means of two screws 6 and a spring washer. Blade and half ring is a kit. Two locking screws 7 prevent the tool from being loosened. The support ring 2 is secured to the drill bit by two locking screws 3 and a spring washer. The assembly is supported by its own end face on the end face of the threaded sleeve 5 which is screwed with a threaded sleeve 4 and rests with its own end face on the supporting ring 2.