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目的检测医院及环境样中金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus,SA)氨基糖苷类耐药基因,了解其分布情况。方法采用聚合酶链反应(polymeras chain reaction,PCR)技术检测5种氨基糖苷类耐药基因Aac(6′)/aph(2′′)、aph(3′)-Ⅲ、ant(3′′)-Ⅰ、ant(4′,4′′)与ant(6)-Ⅰ。结果44株医院病人样本中,Aac(6′)/aph(2′′)、aph(3′)-Ⅲ、ant(4′,4′′)、ant(3′′)-Ⅰ、ant(6)-Ⅰ基因携带率分别为15.90%、20.45%、18.18%、2.27%、11.36%。29株环境样本,仅1株检出Aac(6′)/aph(2′′)基因,ant(4′,4′′)基因携带率为41.02%。11株菌携带Aac(6′)/aph(2′′)与aph(3′)-Ⅲ基因,同时表型庆大霉素耐药,仅2株菌携带aph(3′)-Ⅲ基因,表型庆大霉素敏感。结论院内样本中,不同样本分离菌株携带氨基糖苷类基因存在差异,环境样本携带ant(4′,4′′)基因较高。菌株携带Aac(6′)/aph(2′′)与aph(3′)-Ⅲ基因与表型庆大霉素耐药存在相关性。检测耐药基因分布情况,为指导临床用药、控制院内感染及监测环境中菌株耐药情况提供依据。
Objective To detect the aminoglycoside resistance genes of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) in hospitals and the environment, and to understand its distribution. Methods AAC (6 ’) / aph (2 “), aph (3’) - Ⅲ and ant (3”) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) -I, ant (4 ’, 4 “) and ant (6) -I. Results AAC (6 ’) / aph (2’), aph (3 ’) - Ⅲ, ant (4’, 4 ”), ant (3“ 6) -Ⅰ gene carrier rates were 15.90%, 20.45%, 18.18%, 2.27%, 11.36% respectively. Among 29 environmental samples, only 1 strain detected the Aac (6 ’) / aph (2 ”) gene and the ant (4’, 4“) gene carrying rate was 41.02%. 11 strains carried Aac (6 ’) / aph (2’) and aph (3 ’) - Ⅲ genes, while the phenotype was resistant to gentamycin. Only two strains carried aph (3’) - Gentamicin sensitive. Conclusion There are differences in the aminoglycoside-carrying genes among isolates from different samples in the in-hospital samples, and the ant (4 ’, 4 ”) genes carried by environmental samples are higher. The strains carrying Aac (6 ’) / aph (2 ") and aph (3’) - Ⅲ genes were associated with phenotypic gentamicin resistance. Detection of the distribution of drug resistance genes, to guide the clinical medication, control of nosocomial infections and monitoring of bacterial resistance in the environment to provide the basis.