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水杨酸(salicylic acid,SA),作为一种参与胁迫反应的信号分子,可提高植物对多种环境胁迫的抵抗力。本研究以强抗寒性冬小麦品种‘东农冬麦1号’和弱抗寒性品种‘济麦22’为实验材料,于三叶期喷施1 mmol·L-1 SA处理小麦叶片,在大田自然降温持续10 d平均最低温度分别为4、0、–10和–25℃时取样叶片及根茎,测定其蔗糖含量、蔗糖代谢关键酶活性及相关酶基因的相对表达水平变化,探讨SA对低温下冬小麦蔗糖代谢的影响。结果表明,SA处理提高了‘东农冬麦1号’叶片和根茎中蔗糖的含量,SA对‘济麦22’的影响与‘东农冬麦1号’相比较弱;SA提高了‘东农冬麦1号’叶片和根茎中蔗糖合成相关酶(蔗糖磷酸合成酶、蔗糖合成酶)的活性及其相关酶基因(Ta SPS、Ta Su S)的表达,降低了与蔗糖分解有关酶(蔗糖酸性转化酶、碱性/中性转化酶)的活性及其相关基因(Ta SAInv、Ta A/N-Inv)的表达。SA处理有利于蔗糖积累,从而提高植物的抗寒性。
Salicylic acid (SA), as a signal molecule involved in stress response, can enhance the plant’s resistance to various environmental stresses. In this study, the winter wheat cultivar ’Dongnong Dongmai 1’ with strong cold resistance and the ’Jimai 22’ with weak cold resistance were used as experimental materials, and the leaves of wheat were treated with 1 mmol·L -1 SA in the three-leaf stage. The average daily minimum temperature of 10 days in field was decreased to 4, 10, -10 and -25 ℃, respectively. The contents of sucrose, the key enzyme activity of sucrose metabolism and the relative expression of related enzymes were determined. Effects of Low Temperature on Sucrose Metabolism in Winter Wheat. The results showed that SA treatment increased the content of sucrose in ’Dongnong Dongmai 1’ leaves and rhizomes, SA had less effect on ’Jimai 22’ compared with ’Dongnong Dongmai 1’ The activity of sucrose synthase (sucrose phosphate synthase, sucrose synthase) and the expression of its related enzyme gene (Ta SPS, Ta Su S) in leaves and rhizomes of ’Nongdongmai 1’ reduced the activities of enzymes related to sucrose decomposition Sucrose acid invertase, alkaline / neutral invertase) and the expression of Ta SAInv, Ta A / N-Inv. SA treatment is conducive to the accumulation of sucrose, thereby enhancing the plant’s cold resistance.