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在不变横梁速度下进行的拉伸试验已用计算机作了模拟,并获得在各种试验条件下,均匀变形的应力——应变,负荷——位移,及应变率——应变曲线,哈特的有关塑性变形现象的描述,与本文所描述的材料参数和应力、应变率之间依赖关系的简单形式结合起来使用。各种材料都进行了模拟,并对横梁速度的影响,初始时的“硬度”状态,试样的尺寸及试验机的刚度都分别做了研究。在详细的论述和说明拉伸试验的过程中,对这些结果的结论作了讨论。特别要注意,拉伸试验中弹性不稳定性的开始与最大负荷点之间的关系。
Tensile tests at constant beam speeds have been simulated with a computer and obtained stress-strain, load-displacement, and strain rate-strain curves for uniform deformation under various test conditions. Hart The description of the phenomena of plastic deformation is used in combination with the simple form of the dependencies between the material parameters and stresses and strain rates described in this paper. A variety of materials were simulated and the impact on the beam speed, the initial “hardness” state, the size of the sample and the stiffness of the testing machine were studied. The conclusions of these results are discussed in the detailed discussion and description of the tensile test. Particular attention should be paid to the relationship between the onset of elastic instability in the tensile test and the point of maximum load.