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本文梳理了前人关于莎士比亚戏剧幻觉的不同看法,并从剧场的角度探讨了其戏剧幻觉的独特性。笔者发现,前人关于戏剧幻觉的研究不但对戏剧幻觉的定义不一,而且还忽视了剧场在莎士比亚戏剧幻觉问题之中的重要性。在描述了戏剧幻觉是一种既真又假的感觉幻觉的基础上,本文指出,莎士比亚三面环绕的伸出式舞台剧场的形制特征和作为公共聚会地的性质决定了剧场观演关系的独特性,并因此决定了戏剧场面的呈现方式、观众的观看方式和观众之间的情感交流方式。剧场的这些独特性最终决定了莎士比亚戏剧幻觉生成机制的独特性,观众以参与者眼光观看戏剧,在剧场公共领域交流原则和群体情绪的支持下,进入既真又假的戏剧幻觉体验。
This article combs the different opinions of the predecessors on the illusion of Shakespearean drama and explores the uniqueness of the dramatic illusion from the angle of theater. The author finds that the predecessors’ studies on the illusion of drama not only define the illusion of theater but also ignore the importance of the theater in the illusion of Shakespeare’s drama. After describing the hallucination of drama illusion as a real and fake sensation, this paper points out that the formation characteristics of Shakespeare’s extended stage theater surrounded by three sides and the nature as a public meeting place determine the uniqueness of the relationship between theater performances , And thus determines the way the dramatic scene is presented, the audience’s viewing style and the emotional communication between the audiences. These unique characteristics of the theater ultimately determine the uniqueness of Shakespeare’s illusion of generation of theater illusion. The audiences watch the drama from the perspective of the participants and enter into the authentic and fantastic drama hallucination experience supported by the principle of communication in the public theater in the theater and group emotions.