目的:了解儿童呼吸道感染的病原体分布情况及感染率,为临床诊治提供依据。方法:利用生物芯片技术对513例呼吸道感染儿童进行血清6种病原体抗体检测。结果:抗体阳性患者达164例(占32.0%),其中有45例患者检出二种以上抗体(占8.8%),感染阳性率依次为副流感病毒11.3%、腺病毒8.8%、流感病毒8.0%、呼吸道合胞病毒7.0%、肺炎支原体6.0%和肺炎衣原体2.5%。结论:6种病原体的感染率大体一致,检测血清中IgM抗体的方法其阳性率较其它直接检测病原体的方法低,生物芯片技术在病原学快速诊断方面有较好的应用前景。 Objective: To understand the distribution and infection rate of pathogens in children with respiratory tract infection, provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods: Five hundred and seventy-three children with respiratory tract infection were tested for serum antibodies to six pathogens using biochip technology. Results: There were 164 cases (32.0%) with positive antibodies. Among them, 45 cases detected more than two kinds of antibodies (8.8%), the positive rates were 11.3% for parainfluenza virus, 8.8% for adenovirus and 8.0% for influenza virus %, Respiratory syncytial virus 7.0%, Mycoplasma pneumoniae 6.0%, and Chlamydia pneumoniae 2.5%. CONCLUSION: The infection rates of the six pathogens are generally the same. The detection rate of IgM antibodies in serum is lower than that of other pathogen detection methods directly. The biochip technology has a good application prospect in the rapid diagnosis of etiology.