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1992年是哥伦布“发现”美洲500周年。哥伦布“发现”美洲后,欧洲殖民者对美洲印第安人的文明进行了肆意破坏,对印第安人残酷屠杀和奴役,这无疑是应该谴责的。但是,从整个人类历史的发展和各国经济、文化、科技交流与进步的全貌来看,美洲的“发现”和东西两半球的会合,促进了人类社会和世界各国的进步,是世界历史发展进程中一个具有深远影响的转折点,正如马克思说的:“美洲金银产地的发现,土著居民的被剿灭、被奴役和被埋葬于矿井,对东印度开始进行的征服和掠夺,非洲变成商业性地猎获黑人的场所:这一切标志着资本主义生产时代的曙光。”本文拟就美洲的发现对早期资本主义发展的促进作用略陈管见。
The year 1992 marks the 500th anniversary of Columbus’s discovery of the Americas. After Columbus “discovered” the Americas, it is doubtlessly condemned by the European colonists to wantonly vandalize the civilization of the Native Americans and to cruelly slaughter and enslave the Indians. However, judging from the development of the entire history of mankind and the overall picture of economic, cultural and technological exchange and progress in various countries, the “discovery” of the Americas and the meeting of the two hemispheres have promoted the progress of human society and other countries in the world and are the process of development of world history A far-reaching turning point, as Marx put it: “The discovery of silver and silver in the Americas, the destruction of indigenous peoples, their enslavement and their burial in mines, the beginning of conquest and plunder in East India, the commercialization of Africa Hunting for Negroes: All this marks the dawn of an era of capitalist production. ”This article is intended to give some advice on the role of the discovery of the Americas in the development of early capitalism.