冷战结束以来,尤其是在世界经济格局的调整和区域经济一体化不断发展的背景下,美国的贸易政策发生了明显的变化。最为突出的方面是,美国的贸易政策不断偏离传统意义上的“自由贸易”和多边主义,而不断转向“公平贸易”和双边主义甚至是单边主义。这种转变也对近年来中美贸易摩擦不断增多产生了重要影响。 Since the end of the Cold War, especially in the context of the world economic restructuring and the continuous development of regional economic integration, the U.S. trade policy has undergone a marked change. The most prominent aspect is that the U.S. trade policy has been constantly deviating from “free trade” and multilateralism in the traditional sense and has continuously shifted to “fair trade” and even bilateralism and even unilateralism. This shift has also had a significant impact on the growing trade friction between China and the United States in recent years.