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对国内外云杉属十余个种等位酶遗传多样性研究进展进行了阐述，同时对表型性状。ＤＮＡ水平也进行了讨论。种源间生长性状、单萜类成分差异较大，质量性状差异较小；群体间生长性状、质量性状差异较大，木材密度与高生长呈负相关。等位酶分析表明：云杉遗传变异水平较高，分化较低，群体间变异较小，群体内变异较大。ＲＡＰＤ分析进一步证明云杉遗传变异水平较高。
The research progresses on genetic diversity of more than ten species of Picea at home and abroad were described, and the phenotypic traits were also discussed. DNA levels are also discussed. The growth traits, monoterpenoids varied greatly among different provenances, and the difference of quality traits was small. There were significant differences in growth traits and quality traits among populations, and the density of wood was negatively correlated with high growth. Allozyme analysis showed that the genetic variation of spruce was higher, the differentiation was lower, the variation among populations was smaller, and the variance within populations was larger. RAPD analysis further proved that the genetic variation of spruce was high.