世纪之交 ,当代马克思主义正在遭遇后现代思潮的挑战与冲击。雅克·德里达通过《马克思的幽灵》的本文书写将这一对接与遭遇成为令世人瞩目的现实。本文认为 :后现代思潮对马克思主义的解读与重构具有双重的意义 :一方面 ,其解构思维对于打破以往僵化教条式的理解方式具有重要价值 ,对马克思本文“后现代意蕴”的发现式读解也有一定的借鉴意义 ;但另一方面 ,德里达对马克思主义的解构式解读也具有否定性后现代主义所共有的虚无主义、相对主义的特征 ,应当加以否弃。本文认为 :马克思主义的当代视野应当在超越后现代主义地平线的基础上 ,重建现代性。重建的哲学范式 ,当为交往实践的唯物主义 At the turn of the century, contemporary Marxism is encountering the challenge and impact of post-modernism. Jacques Derrida uses the text of Marx’s Ghost to write about this encounter and encounter as a reality that has caught the world’s attention. This paper argues that the interpretation and reconstruction of Marxism by post-modernism have dual meanings: on the one hand, their deconstruction thinking is of great value in breaking the rigidly dogmatic understanding of the past. On the one hand, the discovery-based reading of Marx’s post-modernism However, on the other hand, Derrida’s deconstructionist interpretation of Marxism also possesses the features of nihilism and relativism which are negative to the postmodernism. This paper argues that the contemporary vision of Marxism should rebuild modernity on the basis of surpassing the horizon of postmodernism. The philosophical paradigm of reconstruction should be the materialism of social practice