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江苏沿海造林树种可分为两大类:一类为先锋树种,一类为后继树种。先锋树种是指那些能够在沿海恶劣环境条件下立足生长的造林树种。这些树种能抗强劲海风,能在土壤含盐量较高、结构差、肥力低、干旱瘠薄的沙地,石山及地下水埋藏较浅、矿化度较高的立地条件迅速成林,并具有改良土壤的作用。经这一代先锋树种生长以后,使立地条件得到了改善,以后就可选用后继树种在迹地上进行造林。后继树种虽然抗逆性较差,但具有较高的生态价值和经济价值,种类较多,可供我们按不同要求来选择。 一、江苏沿海造林的先锋树种 乔木类有刺槐、榔榆、侧柏、朴树、白榆、苦楝、旱柳、皂荚、乌桕、绒毛白蜡、黄连木、火炬树、小意杨、小美杨、石榴、丝棉木、黑松、合欢、山槐、短柄袍树以及淡竹等。
Afforestation trees along the coast of Jiangsu can be divided into two categories: one is the pioneer tree species, one is the successor tree species. Pioneer species are those afforestation species that are able to grow in harsh coastal environments. These species are resistant to strong sea breeze and can be quickly converted to forest with high soil salinity, poor structure, low fertility, arid barren sandy land, rocky hills and shallow buried groundwater with high salinity, and with improved The role of soil. After the growth of this generation of pioneer species, the site conditions have been improved, after which the successor species can be selected for reforestation. Although the successor tree species is less resistant, but has a higher ecological value and economic value, more species, available to us according to different requirements to choose. First, the pioneer tree species afforestation in coastal areas in Jiangsu are acacia, lang elm, arborvitae, hackberry, elm, neem, salicaceae, acacia, walnut, fluff white, Pistacia chinensis, Rhus typhina, Pomegranate, silk cotton, black pine, Acacia, Locust tree, short handle robes and light bamboo and so on.