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河口海岸是地球四大圈层交汇、能量流和物质流的重要聚散地带。该区域经济发达、人口集中、开发程度高,导致严重的环境变异、资源破坏,对区域持续发展造成重大影响,特别是我国流域高强度开发对河口和邻近海岸带有直接和深远的影响。新世纪我国的河口海岸面临着四个方面的挑战:入海泥沙量急剧减少;入海污染物质显著增加;滨海湿地丧失;全球海平面上升对中国低海岸的严重威胁。为此,开展河口海岸环境变异的研究,为解决国家目标和海岸带资源可持续利用,无疑是非常重要而迫切的问题。
The estuary coast is an important gathering point for the intersection of the four major circles of the earth, energy flow and material flow. The developed economy, concentrated population and high development level lead to serious environmental variation and resource destruction, which have a significant impact on the sustainable development of the region. In particular, the intensive development of the river basin in our region has a direct and far-reaching impact on estuaries and adjacent coastal zones. In the new century, China’s estuarine and coastal areas face four challenges: a drastic reduction in sediment load into the sea; a significant increase in pollutants into the sea; a loss of coastal wetlands; and a serious threat to the low-lying China coast by global sea-level rise. Therefore, carrying out the research on the environmental variation of estuarine and coastal areas is undoubtedly a very important and urgent issue in order to solve the national goal and the sustainable utilization of coastal resources.