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我們可以把地球表面分為四部分:环繞地球的大氣層叫做氣界;構成地球外皮部分的(即地殼)稱为岩石界;地球上的生物(包括動物和植物)統稱生物界;地表水如海洋,河流,湖沼以及存於岩石空隙中的地下水(包括天水、原生水、岩漿水、化學反應水)稱为水界。我們今天所要談的河流是水界中很重要的一部分。因為河流按大小來講,雖然比海洋小得多,可是它對我們影響之大,比起海洋來也並無遜色。下面我们就來談一下河流的工作。河流的工作是地質作用中很重要的一種。地球表面高山削為平地幾乎是靠河流所為的,風力作用和重力作用只能佔配合的地位。風化作用是以机械的破壞為主,可是在機械的破壞中,水的作用也是很重要的。所以水的作用可以算是地質作用中的一員大将。
We can divide the earth’s surface into four parts: the atmosphere surrounding the earth is called the gas field; the part of the earth’s outer skin (ie, the earth’s crust) is called the rocky earth; the earth’s creatures (including animals and plants) are collectively called the biological world; surface water, such as Oceans, rivers, lakes, and groundwater stored in rock voids (including Tianshui, raw water, magmatic water, and chemical reaction water) are called water boundaries. The river we are talking about today is a very important part of the water community. Because the river is small in size, although it is much smaller than the ocean, it has a great impact on us and it is not inferior to the ocean. Let’s talk about the work of the river. The work of the river is an important one in geological action. The flattened earth on the surface of the earth is almost based on rivers, and the role of wind and gravity can only occupy the position of coordination. Weathering is mainly due to the destruction of machinery, but in the destruction of machinery, the role of water is also very important. Therefore, the role of water can be considered a member of the geological role.