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目的探讨孕足月乳房按摩对促进宫颈成熟及分娩的有效性和安全性。方法采用前瞻、对照研究的方法,将100例初产、单活胎、头位、无妊娠合并症及并发症、无明显阴道分娩禁忌的孕妇分为两组,两组孕38+5周确定胎儿成熟后首次记录宫颈评分,研究组50例孕妇在专人指导下进行双侧乳房按摩(手持温湿布交替按摩双侧乳房,每天3次,每次1 h);对照组50例常规产检组。观察两组至临产后宫颈成熟情况、临产的孕周,分娩方式、产程时间和新生儿情况。结果研究组宫颈Bishop评分增加总有效率为100%,临产时宫颈Bishop评分(8.9±3.8)分,延期妊娠1例,剖宫产率为18%,平均产程为(7.92±4.10)h,新生轻度窒息1例;对照组宫颈Bishop评分增加总有效为76%,临产时宫颈Bishop评分(5.5±2.87),延期妊娠7例,过期妊娠2例,剖宫产率36%,平均产程为(12.28±4.18)h,新生儿轻度窒息2例,重度窒息1例,两组比较,差异有显著性(P<0.01)。结论孕足月乳房按摩对促进宫颈自然成熟,促进阴道分娩,更加简便、安全、有效,同时能有效降低因延期妊娠、过期妊娠造成的剖宫产率,对适时分娩有一定的临床应用价值。
Objective To investigate the effectiveness and safety of pregnancy-full term breast massage in promoting cervical ripening and delivery. Methods A total of 100 pregnant women with primipara, single live birth, head position, no pregnancy complications and no complications of vaginal delivery were divided into two groups according to the prospective and controlled study. The two groups were defined as 38 + 5 weeks pregnant Cervical score was recorded for the first time after the fetus was mature. In the study group, 50 pregnant women underwent bilateral breast massage under the guidance of some specialists (bilateral warm breasts were massaged three times a day for 1 hour); The two groups were observed after labor to cervical maturity, gestational weeks of labor, mode of delivery, labor duration and neonatal conditions. Results In the study group, the total effective rate of cervical Bishop score was 100%, cervical Bishop score (8.9 ± 3.8), 1 delayed pregnancy, cesarean section rate 18% and average labor duration (7.92 ± 4.10) h, 1 case of mild suffocation; Bishop score of the control group increased the total effective rate of 76%, cervical Bishop labor (5.5 ± 2.87), prolonged pregnancy in 7 cases, 2 cases of overdue pregnancy, cesarean section rate of 36%, the average birth process was ( 12.28 ± 4.18) h, mild neonatal asphyxia in 2 cases and severe asphyxia in 1 case. There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). Conclusion Pregnancy full term breast massage can promote cervical spontaneous maturation and promote vaginal delivery, which is simpler, safer and more effective. At the same time, it can effectively reduce the cesarean section rate caused by deferred and overdue pregnancies and has certain clinical value in timely delivery.