一、川底衬的一般情况及当地农民的基本要求为了研究农业生产合作社这个新问题,我于一九五一年十二月十一日到山西平顺县的川底村,调查这个村的农业生产合作社。参加这次调查的,有中共平顺县县委书记李先唐、县委秘书李王贤等。调查时,曾先和这个村的中共支部书记、党员骨干,亦即农业生产合作社的社长、组长等骨干分子座谈,然后和全体社员座谈,然后和这个村尚未组织农业生产合作社的八个互助组组长或代表座谈,然后约八户过去曾与现在的农业生产合作社的社员们同在一个互助组、但在一九五一年春天对农业生产合作社抱怀疑态度、因而未参加农业生产合作社的农民座谈,最后约社员中五个妇女代表座谈。川底村是一个有代表性的华北老解放区的山区村庄。它位于太行山区中,耕地很少,又缺水,人畜饮水问题也靠窖水解决,生产条件 I. General Situation of Chuanzhong Lining and Basic Requirements of Local Peasants In order to study this new issue of agricultural production cooperatives, I went to Chuandi Village, Pingshun County, Shanxi Province, on December 11, 1951, and investigated the agricultural cooperatives in this village . Participate in this survey, the CPC Shunping County Party Secretary Li Xian Tang, County Secretary Li Wangxian and so on. At the time of the investigation, he had a discussion with all the key members of the Party branch secretary and party members of the village, namely the president and the leader of the agricultural production cooperatives. After that, he discussed with all the members of the village and then held talks with eight key members of the village’s agricultural production cooperatives Heads of mutual aid groups or representatives and then about eight people were in the same group with the members of the current agricultural cooperatives in the past but were skeptical of agricultural cooperatives in the spring of 1951 and therefore did not participate in the cooperatives of agricultural production cooperatives Peasant discussion, and finally about five women members of the members of the forum. Chuandi Village is a representative mountainous village in North China’s old liberated areas. It is located in the Taihang Mountains, arable land is very small, and lack of water, drinking water problems by livestock and poultry by pit water solution, production conditions