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目的探讨深圳市盐田区小儿手足口病(HFMD)的危险因素及其预防策略。方法随机选取HFMD患儿628例为HFMD组,另选取98例同期健康儿童为对照组。采用单因素和Logistic分析法分析该地区小儿HFMD的危险因素,并根据分析结果提出相应的预防策略。结果与对照组比较,HFMD组家族HFMD病史、饭前便后不洗手、10d内接触过HFMD患者、一周内去过人口密集场所、流动人口、皮疹病史、低于3岁、非母乳喂养等的患儿比例均较高(P<0.05),可能影响因素分析单因素χ~2分析结果显示,HFMD病史、洗手习惯、10 d内接触过HFMD患者、一周内去过人口密集场所、流动人口、皮疹病史、年龄、母乳喂养等均为HFMD发病的相关因素。将以上因素纳入多因素Logistic回归分析模型,洗手习惯、手足口病患者接触、去人口密集场所、流动人口、皮疹病史、母乳喂养等该均为地区小儿HFMD的相关因素。结论深圳市盐田区小儿HFMD的主要危险因素有洗手习惯、手足口病患者接触、去人口密集场所、流动人口、皮疹病史、母乳喂养等,养成饭前便后洗手的习惯、避免接触手足口病患者,少去人口密集场所、加强流动人口管理、对具有皮疹病史小儿进行密切观察和干预、采用母乳喂养等均有利于深圳市盐田区小儿HFMD的预防。
Objective To explore the risk factors and preventive strategies of HFMD in Yantian District of Shenzhen City. Methods 628 children with HFMD were randomly selected as the HFMD group, and 98 healthy children of the same period were selected as the control group. Single factor and Logistic analysis were used to analyze the risk factors of HFMD in children in this area, and the corresponding preventive strategies were put forward according to the analysis results. Results Compared with the control group, the HFMD family history of HFMD did not wash their hands before and after the meal, and had contact with HFMD within 10 days. They had been to densely populated places, floating population, rash history within one week, less than 3 years old and non-breastfeeding (P <0.05), and the possible influencing factors were analyzed. The results of single factor χ ~ 2 analysis showed that the history of HFMD, hand-washing habits, HFMD patients who had been exposed to HFMD within 10 days had been to densely populated places, floating population within one week, History of rash, age, breastfeeding and other factors are related to the incidence of HFMD. The above factors were included in the multivariate logistic regression model, hand-washing habits, hand-foot-mouth disease contact, to densely populated places, floating population, rash history, breastfeeding and so on are the relevant factors of regional HFMD. Conclusion The main risk factors of pediatric HFMD in Yantian District of Shenzhen are hand-washing habit, hand-foot-mouth disease contact, densely populated places, floating population, history of rash, breastfeeding and so on. Patients with less, to less densely populated areas, to strengthen the management of floating population, with a history of rash closely observed and intervention in infants, the use of breastfeeding, etc. are conducive to the prevention of HFMD in children in Yantian District, Shenzhen.