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角膜移植手术是对角膜病治疗的主要手段。虽然角膜因其无血管,无淋巴管的特性,属于相对免疫赦免区,但仍不能避免免疫排斥这一器官移植所面对的困扰。尤其是一些大植片,片中心或有新生血管形成的角膜病患者,仍属于高危移植类型。很多患者因为排斥而不得不更换植片,但多次角膜移植又会引发更严重的排斥,而且供体来源稀缺,不能满足患者的需求。所以,各国的研究者都很重视对药物防治术后免疫排斥反应的研究。目前,很多临床研究证明,抗排斥的一线用药如糖皮质激素,环孢素A等,还不能达到满意的疗效,同时还有许多副作用。因此,探讨新型的免疫抑制剂等新抗排斥药物,联合用药的方法已成为眼科角膜病医生的重要研究课题。
Corneal transplant surgery is the main means of treatment of corneal disease. Although the cornea is characterized by its avascular and non-lymphatic vessels, it belongs to the relative area of immunity, but it still can not avoid the problems of organ rejection caused by immune rejection. In particular, some of the large implant, center of the film or corneal neovascularization patients, are still at high risk of transplantation type. Many patients have to replace the implants because of exclusion, but multiple corneal transplants will lead to more serious exclusion, and the donor source is scarce, can not meet the needs of patients. Therefore, researchers all over the world attach great importance to the study of drug prevention and treatment of postoperative immune rejection. At present, many clinical studies have shown that first-line anti-rejection drugs such as glucocorticoids, cyclosporin A, etc., can not achieve satisfactory results, while there are many side effects. Therefore, to explore new anti-rejection drugs such as immunosuppressive drugs, the combination of the method has become an important research topic eye doctor.